Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

hydrocarbon containing only ${\rm C{-}C}$ single bonds and hydrogen with C_nH_2n+2 stoichiometry

hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond (${\rm {C{=}C}}$) with C_nH_2n stoichiometry

hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (${\rm {C{\equiv}C}}$) with C_nH_2n-2 stoichiometry

molecular instability resulting from carbon atoms bonded in alkanes at angles less than 109.5°

staggered conformation that exhibits no steric strain due to two groups on adjacent atoms having a dihedral angle of 180°

position in which a substituent is parallel to the axis of the ring

molecule containing two rings

less stable, nonplanar conformation seen in cyclohexane rings

stable, nonplanar conformation seen in cyclohexane rings

one of two or more molecules that have the same molecular formula and bond structure but differ in the positions of their substituents around a rigid part of the molecule

three-dimensional analysis of molecules to find the least-strained conformation or arrangement in three-dimensional space

describes a molecule containing a ring with at least three carbons

angle between two atoms on adjacent carbons in a Newman conformation

conformation of an alkane where the dihedral angle is 0°

position in which a substituent is perpendicular to the axis of the ring

conversion of one cyclohexane chair conformation to another by rotation around the carbon-carbon single bonds

staggered conformation that exhibits steric strain due to two groups on adjacent atoms having a dihedral angle of 60°

position or location of a substituent in an organic molecule

projection that depicts the molecular conformation and is particularly useful for determining the best conformation of the molecule around a bond

combination of angle and torsional strain that determines a molecule's stability

representation of a molecule from an angle that resembles a carpenter's sawhorse

conformation of an alkane where the dihedral angle is 60°

strain resulting from nonbonded atoms being forced close to each other

atom or group of atoms (functional group) that replaces a ${\rm {C{-}H}}$ bond in an organic compound

resistance to bond rotation due to electronic repulsion that results from nonbonded atoms being forced close to each other

way to represent molecular conformation with solid and dashed wedges to indicate the position of substituents