Alpha Carbon Reactions

method for ketone preparation in which alkylation of the enolate of ethyl acetoacetate is followed by reaction with H₃O⁺ and heat to decarboxylate the acetic ester

reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form products

molecule formed from the reaction of an enolate with a carbonyl, composed of a carbonyl and an alcohol

reaction in which aldehydes and/or ketones are treated with a base to yield a solution containing a carbonyl compound and its enolate, which combine through the formation of a ${\rm{C{-}C}}$ bond

aldol addition wherein the beta-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone dehydrates

reaction in which an alkyl group is transferred from one molecule to another organic compound

molecule with a pi bond between the alpha ($\alpha$) and beta ($\beta$) carbons attached to a carbonyl group

formation of a beta-keto ester from an ester and a base

chemical reaction that combines two molecules together with the elimination of a water molecule

reaction in which a nucleophile reacts with an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound in the beta position

removal of a carboxylic acid (as a CO₂ group) by the addition of heat

reaction in which the enolate is prepared in the first step and the intended reactant is added in the second step to ensure the desired product

reaction in which an ester is treated with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) or another strong base, followed by the addition of a second ester

amino group containing the double bond linkage ${\rm{C{=}C{-}N}}$

anion formed when an alpha hydrogen in the molecule of an aldehyde or a ketone is removed as a hydrogen ion

cleavage of a methyl ketone by Br₂, Cl₂, or I₂ to form CHX₃ (where X is Br, Cl, or I)

reaction in which a hydrogen is replaced by a halogen

halogenation of a carboxylic acid catalyzed by phosphorus trihalide

reaction in which the enolate and carbonyl components are parts of a single molecule

reaction in which an ester is deprotonated at the alpha carbon, generating an enolate, which undergoes an intramolecular nucleophilic attack, yielding a cyclic enol. The enol is protonated with an acid to re-form the beta-keto ester.

preparation of a carboxylic acid by alkylation of the enolate of diethyl malonate

1,4-addition reaction in which a carbanion is added to an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound

reaction in which two different carbonyl compounds are mixed together and only one can form an enolate, preventing self-condensation of the other compound

ester or ketone enolate mixed with an ester that cannot form an enolate

reverse of an aldol reaction. It decomposes a beta-hydroxy carbonyl into an aldehyde or ketone and another carbonyl compound.

reaction in which a Michael reaction is followed by an intramolecular aldol condensation to form a cyclohexenone ring

reaction in which ketones are alkylated or acylated through intermediate enamines