Drawing Organic Compounds

organic compound that contains two carbonyl groups (${\rm {C}{=}{O}}$) bound to the same oxygen atom with (RCO)₂O stoichiometry

organic compound that contains a carbonyl group (${\rm {C}{=}{O}}$) bound to one alkyl ($-{\rm {R}}$) fragment and one halogen atom, with ${\rm{RC}({=}O) X}$ or ${\rm {R}{-}{COX}}$ stoichiometry

hydrocarbon containing a hydroxyl functional group

organic compound that contains a carbonyl group (${\rm {C}{=}{O}}$) bound to one alkyl ($-{\rm {R}}$) fragment and one hydrogen atom, with ${\rm{RC}({=}O) H}$ or ${\rm {R}{-}{COH}}$ stoichiometry

hydrocarbon containing only ${\rm C{-}C}$ single bonds and hydrogen with C_nH_2n+2 stoichiometry

hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond (${\rm {C{=}C}}$) with C_nH_2n stoichiometry

organic compound that contains a halogen atom. The halogen atom can be classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, vinylic, or aromatic.

hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (${\rm {C{\equiv}C}}$) with C_nH_2n-2 stoichiometry

organic compound that contains a carbonyl (${\rm {C{=}O}}$) linked to nitrogen atoms through a ${\rm {C{-}N}}$ bond. It has a general ${\rm{RC}({=}O){NR}'R''}$ stoichiometry.

organic compound that is a derivative of ammonia (NH₃), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl units (R), forming ${\rm {N{-}R}}$ single bonds

uninterrupted planar ring of sp² and/or p orbitals whose electron count adds up to $4n+2$, where $n=$ any positive integer. Benzene, C₆H₆, is the most common example.

term that applies when a group is attached to an aromatic compound. ${\rm {C}_6{H}_5{-}{Br}}$ is an aryl bromide.

formula that shows the functional group(s) and carbon skeleton of the molecule without explicitly showing carbon or hydrogen (except those that are part of the functional group)

compound that contains an alkyl or aryl group (R) attached to a carboxyl group ($-{\rm {COOH}}$)

version of the Lewis structure where most or all of the bond dashes are omitted and common atoms are combined in a parenthesis, such as CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃

bonding electrons or lone pairs are not localized on one atom but are spread over more than one atom

compound that contains a cyclic ether made of two carbons and an oxygen

organic compound that contains a carboxyl unit in which a hydrogen of the hydroxyl group is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, giving it $\rm R{-} C({=} O){OR}'$ or ${\rm {R{-}{COOR}}}'$ stoichiometry

organic molecule containing an oxygen bound by two alkyl or aryl groups through ${\rm {C{-}O}}$ bonds

group of atoms with specific physical, chemical, and reactivity properties

organic compound that contains a carbonyl group (${\rm {C{=}O}}$) bound to two alkyl ($-{\rm {R}}$) fragments (which can be the same, R and R, or different, R and R′) with ${\rm{RC}({=}O)R}'$ or RCOR ′ stoichiometry

model that represents covalent bonds and nonbonding electrons with symbols, dots, and lines

formula indicating the number of atoms of each type of element in a molecule

organic compound that has a carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen with RCN stoichiometry

method that organic chemists use to depict the Lewis structures of organic molecules where electrons can be in two or more different places around fixed atoms

weighted average of all of the multiple representations of Lewis structures for an organic molecule

lowering of the overall energy of a molecule due to the delocalization of electrons as seen in its resonance structures

one of two or more Lewis structures with multiple equivalent representations

organic molecule containing a sulfur bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups through ${\rm {C{-}S}}$ bonds

organic compound derived from H₂S, containing an alkyl or aryl group covalently linked to a sulfhydryl group, $-{\rm {SH}}$, through ${\rm {C{-}S}}$ bonds, with ${\rm {R{-}SH}}$ stoichiometry