Description
Carboxylic acids are compounds that contain an alkyl or aryl group (R) attached to a carboxyl group (). They can be prepared by oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes, the ozonolysis of alkenes and alkynes, the oxidation of benzylic carbons, the hydrolysis of nitriles such as cyanohydrin, and the carbonation of the Grignard reagent. Carboxylic acid derivatives are prepared from carboxylic acids or other carboxylic acid derivatives. All carboxylic acid derivatives undergo hydrolysis to convert back to carboxylic acids or carboxylate ions, and all can be reduced into other functional groups.At A Glance
- Carboxylic acids are prepared in a variety of ways, including the oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes, the ozonolysis of alkenes and alkynes, the oxidation of benzylic carbons, the hydrolysis of nitriles, and the carbonation of the Grignard reagent.
- Acid halides and acid anhydrides are two types of carboxylic acid derivatives that can be prepared through a variety of methods.
- Esters, amides, and nitriles are carboxylic acid derivatives that can be prepared starting from either carboxylic acids or other carboxylic acid derivatives.
- Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo hydrolysis to convert back to carboxylic acids or carboxylate ions. They are also reduced into other functional groups.