Northeast: 1620–1730

Vocabulary

Boston Latin School

oldest public school in existence in the United States, established in 1635 for the education of boys and supported by taxes

charter

written document that defines the laws and privileges of a state or country and is granted by a sovereign power

joint-stock company

business entity made up of many shareholders who buy a part of the company in hopes of earning a profit

Massachusetts Bay Colony

first English charter colony established in New England in 1630 by Puritans, led by Governor John Winthrop

Mayflower Compact

first governing document of Plymouth Colony. The Mayflower Compact served as the voluntary rules of governance and community cooperation within the colony

Pilgrims

settlers of present-day Plymouth, Massachusetts, along the Atlantic coast, in 1620. Plymouth was the first permanent colony in New England.

plantation

settlement in a new country or region. This is an archaic use of the word.

Plymouth Colony

first permanent English settlement in New England, settled in 1620 by the Pilgrims, who had separated from the Church of England

Puritans

separatist Christian group seeking to live godly lives in a covenant with their Creator free from the rituals observed by the Church of England

Quakers

members of the religious group called the Society of Friends. Quakers rejected the formal hierarchy of the Anglican Church, instead believing individuals have access to God without clergy or written scripture.

religious tolerance

acceptance of the practice of religions other than one's own

subsistence farming

farming that provides a family with enough to survive on but does not serve as a source of profit or income

William Penn

English Quaker and proprietor of the Pennsylvania colony