Introduction
In order to process signals, we have to design and implement systems called filters. A
filter is a device that transmits (or rejects) a specific range of frequencies. There are four
basic filter types; low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, and band
Current mirrors
Current mirrors are important blocks in electronics. They are widely used in
several applications and chips, the operational amplifier being one of them.
Current mirrors consist of two branches that are parallel to each other and
create tw
Sheet
1 of 10
Cascode Current Mirror
The main property/feature of a current source/sink is that the current though the device is
independent of the voltage across it. Figure 1 shows the most basic of current sink. The
current Iout is set by the voltage ap
Microelectronics: Analysis and Design
February 26, 2004
Sundaram Natarajan
CHAPTER 8: FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS
8.0: INTRODUCTION
The concept of feedback was originally introduced in 1934 by H. S. Black, an Electronics Engineer,
for building an amplifier with a
Stability and Z Transforms
Last time we Explored sampling and reconstruction of signals Saw examples of the phenomenon known as aliasing Found the sampling rate needed for accurate reconstruction Learned about the Nyquist-Shannon Sampling theorem Describe
Behavioral Modeling
Behavioral Model Overview
8
Figure 8-0 Example 8-0 Syntax 8-0 Table 8-0
Behavioral Modeling
The language constructs introduced so far allow hardware to be described at a relatively detailed level. Modeling a circuit with logic gates an
HP ProBook 6450b Notebook PC
HP ProBook 6550b Notebook PC
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HP ProBook 6450b Notebook PC
1. WWAN antennas (select models)
15. Hard drive activity / HP 3D DriveGuard LED indicator
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16. Ba
3.Gate-Level Mi i i ti
3G t L
l Minimization
1
Gate-Level
Gate Level Minimization
Two Variable Map
Two-Variable
Two-Variable M
T
V i bl Map
m1+m2+m3 = x'y +xy' +xy = x+y
Three-Variable Map
yz
2
Gate-Level
Gate Level Minimization
Three-Variable M
Th
V
Amplifier Classes
by Manfred Thumm and Werner Wiesbeck
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe
in der Helmholtz - Gemeinschaft
Universitt Karlsruhe (TH)
Research Universityfounded 1825
Amplifier Characteristics
ID
mA
1200
ID
D
1000
800
UDS
G
600
U DS
UGS
400
S
200
U
Expressions
4
Figure 4-0 Example 4-0 Syntax 4-0 Table 4-0
Expressions
This chapter describes the operators and operands available in the Verilog HDL, and how to use them to form expressions. An expression is a construct that combines operands with operato
Data Types
Value Set
3
Figure 3-0 Example 3-0 Syntax 3-0 Table 3-0
Data Types
The set of Verilog HDL data types is designed to represent the data storage and transmission elements found in digital hardware.
3.1 Value Set
The Verilog HDL value set consists
10th International Conference on DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION SYSTEMS, Suceava, Romania, May 27-29, 2010
Finite State Machine Design and
VHDL Coding Techniques
Iuliana CHIUCHISAN, Alin Dan POTORAC, Adrian GRAUR
"Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava
str.U
POWER DESIGN
Small MOSFETs Solve Big Problems
By Grant Smith, Applications Designer,
National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, Calif.
S
ynchronous rectication has become
Output
Input
T1
the standard for high-efficiency
Voltage
Voltage
oltage
+
+
C7
C1
power co
Chapter 9 Z transform
In continuoustime, we have Laplace Transform, both unilateral and bilateral, and Fourier
Transform is a special case.
In discretetime, we have Z transform, both unilateral and bilateral, and Discretetime Fourier
Transform is a
Chapter 3 Gate-Level
Minimization
n
n
n
n
The Boolean functions also can be simplified by
map method as Karnaugh map or K-map.
The map is made up of squares, with each square
representing one minterm of the function.
This produces a circuit diagram with a
Poularikas, A.D. The Z-Transform. The Transforms and Applications Handbook: Second Edition. Ed. Alexander D. Poularikas Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2000
6
The Z-Transform
Alexander D. Poularikas
University of Alabama in Huntsville
6.1 6.2 6.3
Introduction
Linear Circuits Analysis. Superposition, Thevenin /Norton Equivalent circuits
So far we have explored time-independent (resistive) elements that are also linear.
A time-independent elements is one for which we can plot an i/v curve. The current is
only a
Capacitors and inductors
We continue with our analysis of linear circuits by introducing two new passive and
linear elements: the capacitor and the inductor.
All the methods developed so far for the analysis of linear resistive circuits are applicable
to
Linear Circuits Analysis. Superposition, Thevenin /Norton Equivalent circuits
So far we have explored time-independent (resistive) elements that are also linear.
A time-independent elements is one for which we can plot an i/v curve. The current is
only a
Semiconductor Devices
Non-linear Devices
Diodes
Introduction.
The diode is two terminal non linear device whose I-V characteristic besides exhibiting
non-linear behavior is also polarity dependent. The non-linear, and polarity characteristics
of the diode
Circuit Analysis using the Node and Mesh Methods
We have seen that using Kirchhoffs laws and Ohms law we can analyze any circuit to determine the operating conditions (the currents and voltages). The challenge of formal circuit analysis is to derive the s
Resistive circuit analysis. Kirchhoffs Laws
Fundamentals of DC electric circuits.
A simple model that we can use as a starting point for discussing electronic circuits is
given on Figure 1.
i
Voltage
across
sourse
Vs
Source
Load
Resistance
RL internal to
Dependent Sources:
Introduction and analysis of circuits containing dependent sources.
So far we have explored time-independent (resistive) elements that are also linear. We
have seen that two terminal (one port) circuits can be modeled by simple circuits
2. Chip Design Introduction
In this chapter, several design types and their concepts will be introduced.
2.1. Design Types
In semiconductor industry, each company has their own specific products, engineering resources,
and the design tool resources, which
Chapter 6
Feedback Amplifiers
SJTU Zhou Lingling
1
Outline
Introduction
The general feedback structure
Some properties of negative feedback
The four basic feedback topologies
The series-shunt feedback amplifier
The series-series feedback amplifier
The shu
II Bias circuit
II. Bias circuit
II. Bias circuit
Introduction
Outline
Active devices (transistors) have to be properly biased to
process the signal
In an analog signal processing circuit there are two
fundamental parts:
CMOS current mirrors
Definitions
