Question:(TCOs 1, 2) Determine whether the following passage is an...

Question:(TCOs 1, 2) Determine whether the following passage is an argument. 

Mark is the newest member of the requisitions department. The requisitions department oversees the purchasing of all goods, services, and capital equipment for the entire company.

Argument

Not an argument because there are no claims or only one claim

Not an argument because none of the claims offers a reason for the other

Not an argument because the reasons explain rather than prove the other claims

 

Question 25 pts

(TCOs 1, 2) Determine whether the following passage is an argument. 

The cost of home computers has dropped. The cost of laptops has also dropped. Come to think of it, production costs of computer chips are also at an all-time low.

Argument

Not an argument because there are no claims or only one claim

Not an argument because none of the claims offers a reason for the other

Not an argument because the reasons explain rather than prove the other claims

 

Question 35 pts

(TCOs 2, 3) Choose the best answer. 

Don't drive over the speed limit. It's against the law. You don't want a speeding ticket. 

Which of the following claims represents the conclusion of this argument?

Driving over the speed limit is against the law.

You don't want a speeding ticket.

You should not drive over the speed limit.

 

Question 45 pts

(TCOs 2, 3) Choose the best answer. 

Healthy. Delicious. Drink Ovaltine! 

Which of the following claims represents the implied conclusion of this argument?

Ovaltine is healthy.

Ovaltine is delicious

You should drink Ovaltine.

None; this is not an argument.

Question 55 pts

(TCOs 3, 4) Identify the kind of argument.

Unemployment is probably rising throughout most California counties, for the reason that it has been rising in Kern and Los Angeles counties.

Truth-functional argument

Analogical argument

Categorical argument

Inductive generalization

 

Question 65 pts

(TCOs 3, 4) Identify the kind of argument. 

Using a lemon when cooking is like using a lime. Given that limes can be added to bland foods to give them some zest, lemons, too, will give zest to bland foods.

Analogical argument

Categorical argument

Truth-functional argument

Causal argument

 

Question 75 pts

(TCOs 3, 4) Identify the kind of argument. 

It appears that the Toyota shareholders are going to be nervous. This is because either Toyota fires its CEO, or its shareholders will be nervous, and Toyota refuses to fire its CEO.

Causal argument

Truth-functional argument

Categorical argument

Inductive generalization

 

Question 85 pts

(TCOs 2, 3, 5) Relate to the proper terminology. 

What evaluative language should you use for causal arguments?

Valid/invalid; cogent/uncogent

Valid/invalid; sound/unsound

Strong/weak; cogent/uncogent

Strong/weak; sound/unsound

 

Question 95 pts

(TCOs 2, 3, 5) Relate to the proper terminology.

What evaluative language should you use for any deductive argument?

Valid/invalid; cogent/uncogent

Valid/invalid; sound/unsound

Strong/weak; cogent/uncogent

Strong/weak; sound/unsound

 

Question 105 pts

(TCO 4) Select the answer that represents the proper standard form for the following statement.

Whenever the phone rings, the dog barks.

All times that the dog barks are times the phone rings.

All times that the phone rings are times that the dog barks.

Some of the times the phone rings are times that the dog barks.

 

Question 115 pts

(TCO 4) Select the answer that represents the proper standard form for the following statement.

Shakira is a singer.

All people identical to Shakira are singers.

Some people identical to Shakira are singers.

No people identical to Shakira are singers.

Question 125 pts

21. (TCO 4) Select the answer that represents the proper standard form for the following statement.

If you don't register, then you can't vote.

All people who vote are people who register.

All people who register to vote are people who vote.

Some people who register to vote are not people who vote.

 

Question 135 pts

(TCO 4) Choose the correct translation for each of the following compound claims. 

If you are eligible for swimming (S), then you are eligible for water polo (W).

S > W

W > S

S > W

S • W

Question 145 pts

(TCO 4) Choose the correct translation for each of the following compound claims. 

Phyllis will be late for the exam (E) if she swims (S) with the team and lifts weights (W) with her friend.

(S • W) > E

E > (S • W)

S • (W > E)

(E > S) • W

 

Question 155 pts

(TCOs 3, 5) Which inductive generalization is stronger?

In a recent survey of 500 people at the Spring Valley mall, the vast majority declared that a college education was a valuable aid to having a good life. Therefore, most Spring Valley residents think that having a college education will help them have a good life.

In a recent survey of 25 people at the Spring Valley mall, the vast majority declared that a college education was a valuable aid to having a good life. Therefore, most Spring Valley residents think that having a college education will help them have a good life.

 

Question 165 pts

(TCOs 3, 5) Which analogical argument is stronger?

Fire ants are extremely adaptive, so they are most likely difficult to eradicate with poisons. This is because termites are extremely adaptive, and they are difficult to eradicate with poisons

Fire ants are extremely adaptive, so they are most likely difficult to eradicate with poisons. This is because termites, carpenter ants, and dung beetles are extremely adaptive, and all are difficult to eradicate with poisons.

Question 175 pts

(TCOs 3, 5) Which causal argument is stronger?

Three local coffee houses have experienced an uptick in business this quarter. The cause of this welcome change appears to be the new poetry reading events each has added.

Three local coffee houses have experienced an uptick in business this quarter. The cause of this welcome change appears to be the new poetry reading events each has added. Because the poetry readings are the only possible cause all three coffee houses have in common, it must have been the cause.

 

Question 185 pts

(TCO 6) Identify the fallacy.

Maybe Professor Burnes has argued that IQ is not that important in determining whether a person succeeds in his or her vocation, but this is clearly nonsense. I suspect that Professor Burnes doesn't have an IQ that's exactly off the charts.

Appeal to ignorance

Ad hominem

Appeal to illegitimate authority

No fallacy committed

 

Question 195 pts

(TCO 6) Identify the fallacy.

We are constantly hearing about the need to pay teachers based on their performance. What a terrible idea! Teachers are people who unselfishly give time and energy to their pupils. They also serve as important roles models for young people. Furthermore, they have all invested time and money in earning their college degrees.

Appeal to illegitimate authority

Appeal to ignorance

Begging the question

Red herring

 

Question 205 pts

(TCO 6) Identify the fallacy.

Mr. Banks cancels meetings at the last minute for no reason at all. At the meetings he does not cancel, he has lately been showing up smelling of alcohol. Now he cannot account for the disappearance of over 700 dollars raised last year. Clearly, it is inappropriate to keep him on as scout leader.

Appeal to ignorance

Red herring

No fallacy committed

Ad hominem

20- 30 mintuest