Q1: In what ice sheet is nearly 90% of ice on Earth?     Q2: If...

Q1: In what ice sheet is nearly 90% of ice on Earth?

 

 

Q2: If all the ice on land were to instantly melt, how much would the global sea level rise?

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Q3: How and why has Arctic summer sea ice changed over the past several decades?

 

 

Q4: What country's long Arctic coastline has become most ice-free during late summer?

 

 

Q5: Why hasn't the March sea-ice extent decreased over the past several decades?

 

 

Q6: During what season in the Northern Hemisphere does snow cover begin to disappear from lower latitudes?

 

 

Q7: How and why has spring snow-cover extent changed over recent decades?

 

 

Q8: Under what climate types do you typically find continuous permafrost?

 

 

Q9: How and why has permafrost changed over the past several decades?

 

 

Q10: What has been the most common biome shift resulting from a changing climate?

 

 

Q11: Where (e.g., latitudinal zone, climate type, etc.) and why have these shifts occurred?

 

 

Q12: How can the melting of permafrost affect the atmosphere and the greenhouse effect?

 

 

Q13: In what hemisphere are most of the glaciers located?

 

 

Q14: Based on what you know about regional variations in atmospheric warming, which hemisphere should have had the most glacier melting over the past several decades?

 

 

Q15: If all the glaciers on Earth were to melt, by how much would the global mean sea level increase?

 

 

Q16: Why are glaciers everywhere retreating?

 

 

Q17: Approximately how much glacier ice was lost from 1961 to 2010 and by how much did global mean sea level rise as a result of this?

 

 

Q18: How does the change in the Muir Glacier compare to changes in glaciers in the Alaska region as a whole?

 

 

Q19: Which ice sheet do you think lost more ice due to recent global warming? Why?

 

 

Q20: How did the Greenland ice sheet change from 2003-2012?

 

 

Q21: How did the East Antarctic ice sheet change from 2003-2012?

 

 

Q22: How did the West Antarctic ice sheet change from 2003-2012?

 

 

Q23: What other factors - besides atmospheric warming - could have caused the West Antarctic ice sheet to change the way it did?

 

 

Q24: How do the glacier lakes promote the further melting and loss of Greenland ice?

 

 

Q25: How and why has sea level changed over recent decades?

 

 

Q26: What was the major cause of sea-level change in the 1980s?

 

 

Q27: What was the largest contributor to sea level rise from 1971-2010 and from 1993-2010?

 

 

Q28: What was a larger contribution to sea level rise from 1993 to 2010, thermal expansion or ice melting? How do you know this?

 

 

Q29: What three aspects of the cryosphere — as shown in the figure above — were not examined in this lab?

 

 

Q30: What has increased due to the energy imbalance?

 

 

Q31: What has decreased due to the energy imbalance?