A patient with sudden onset of oliguria with elevated plasma BUN...

1. A patient with sudden onset of oliguria with elevated plasma BUN and plasma creatinine levels is experiencing classic symptoms of: 
2. Renal cancer
3. Nephrotic syndrome
4. Calculus lodged in ureter
5. Acute kidney injury
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 2

1. A gastric enzyme that digests proteins is called __________________
2. Trypsin
3. Amylase
4. Pepsin
5. Ptyalin
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 3

1. A patient with hematuria, dull flank pain, weight loss and anemia in the late stages of the disease are experiencing classic symptoms of: 
2. Renal cancer
3. Nephrotic syndrome
4. Calculus lodged in ureter
5. Acute kidney injury
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 4

1. Which of these structures are located in the renal medulla? 
2. Glomeruli, proximal tubules, and renal corpuscles
3. Glomeruli,  distal tubules, and pyramids
4. Collecting ducts, distal tubules, and pyramids
5. Collecting ducts,  proximal tubules, and renal corpuscles
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 5

1. Decreased vagal stimulation increases the secretion of gastric acid 
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 6

1. Sympathetic stimulation of the renal arterioles causes what reaction? 
2. fluid excretion
3. diuresis 
4. vasodilation
5. vasoconstriction 
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 7

1. The plasma BUN level is an unreliable measure of renal function because: 
2. BUN has no relationship to renal function 
3. BUN varies because of multiple factors such as dehydration and protein intake 
4. Serum sodium levels increase the BUN falsely
5. Serum potassium levels render the BUN inaccurate as a measure of renal function. 
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 8

1. A woman who loses a small amount of urine involuntarily every time she sneezes is experiencing what type of incontinence? 
2. Functional incontinence
3. Overflow incontinence
4. Stress incontinence
5. Urge incontinence
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 9

1. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis can cause what type of acute kidney injury? 
2. pre-renal
3. intra-renal
4. post-renal
5. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 10

1. Acute mesenteric ischemia damages the intestinal mucosa and can eventually cause: 
2. 
   
3. peritonitis
4. malabsorption
5. rupture
6. appendicitis
7. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 11

1. The renal medulla recycles urea causing urine to become more: 
2. contaminated
3. filtered
4. concentrated
5. diluted
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 12

1.  The center of every villus has a lymphatic capillary that is known as a _______________ that is important for absorption of _______________ molecules.
2. lacteal, protein
3. sinusoid, protein
4. lacteal, fat
5. sinusoid, fat
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 13

1. A patient with massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema is experiencing classic symptoms of: 
2. Renal cancer
3. Nephrotic syndrome
4. Calculus lodged in ureter
5. Acute kidney injury
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 14

1. Severe right-sided heart failure can cause: 
2. 
   
3.  intrahepatic portal hypertension
4. posthepatic portal hypertension
5. prehepatic portal hypertension
6. aortic portal hypertension
7. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 15

1. The decreased renal excretion of sodium and water is caused by what substance?  
2. Anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Angiotenson
4. Amino acids 
5. Natriuretic peptides
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 16

1. The external urethral sphincter is under the voluntary control of what somatic motor nerve? 
2. pudendal
3. phrenic
4. sacral 
5. femoral
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 17

1. Hepatocytes synthesize the primary bile acids from _______________
2. cholesterol
3. carbohydrates
4. protein
5. fat
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 18

1. Which of following is true about normal changes to the GI system that occur as individuals age? 
2. decreased motility and increased liver blood flow and liver enzyme activity 
3. decreased motility and  decreased liver blood flow and liver enzyme activity 
4. increased motility and decreased liver blood flow
5. increased motility and increased liver enzyme activity
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 19

1. A salivary enzyme that digests carbohydrates is called __________________
2. Trypsin
3. Amylase
4. Pepsin
5. Ptyalin
6. 
   

1 points  

QUESTION 20

1.  When plasma creatinine concentration increases what effect does it have on the GFR? 
2. GFR increases 
3. GFT decreases 
4. GFR remains the same 
5. GFR moves in the same direction as the plasma creatinine concentration
6. 
   

1 points